Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Liquiñe-Ofqui’s fast slipping intra-volcanic arc crustal faulting above the subducted Chile Ridge

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86413-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Neotectonic and study site setting in Southern Chile and Chilean Patagonian. Master (main trace) of the LOFZ is shown. CTJ is the Chile Triple Junction or Chile Ridge/Rise between the Nazca-Antarctic-South American Plates. NPI is the Northern Patagonian Icecap (or San Valentine Icecap), SPI is the Southern Patagonian Icecap. Late Quaternary volcanoes are shown with black triangles. Oblique subduction here is the driving force for dextral motion (i.e. northwards migration of the Chiloe Microplate, after Forsythe and Nelson and Melnick et al. ) along the LOFZ. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Article Snippet: VMG has distinctive La/Yb ( C ) and Dy/Yb ( D ) values, i.e. a completely different signature between VMG magmas and VH magmas. ( E ) Distribution (perpendicular distance (km) and normalised along-strike of the LOFZ) of stratovolcanoes and monogenetic cones from 41.5° to 47.5° S based on our mapping. ( F , G ) DEMs and mapping from the VMG, showing the 5 km by 4 km caldera, the young partially collapsed cone, the rock avalanche deposits (QRa), Quaternary alluvium (Qal), and the location of the main trace of the LOFZ that cuts this cone and displaces the rock avalanche deposit (likely triggered by a LOFZ earthquake/rupture) northward (i.e. dextrally) by ~ 170 ± 20 m. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Techniques: Northern Blot, Migration, Generated, Software

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Liquiñe-Ofqui’s fast slipping intra-volcanic arc crustal faulting above the subducted Chile Ridge

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86413-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Local setting and geology (1:1,000,000; SERNAGEOMIN, 2003) of the southernmost LOFZ, note the mapped main trace of the LOFZ, the correlation with volcanoes and LOFZ, and the location of the Volcan Mate Grande (VMG) and caldera that were discovered during this investigation. Note Hudson is the Quaternary Volcanics to the Southeast of the VMG. Note that the majority of the CM area was part of the 1960 Valdivia Mw 9.5 Giant earthquake rupture zone. ( B ) Long-term Miocene to present LOFZ indicators (the opening of the Golfo de Penas (~ 100 km) and the ~ 65 km geologic separation of the Miocene Patagonian Batholith (Mg). ( C ) Inset showing (Mg) that is located east of the LOFZ and used as a piercing point. ( D ) Retrodeformed model back-slipped by 65 km along the LOFZ to reconnect the unit Mg. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Article Snippet: VMG has distinctive La/Yb ( C ) and Dy/Yb ( D ) values, i.e. a completely different signature between VMG magmas and VH magmas. ( E ) Distribution (perpendicular distance (km) and normalised along-strike of the LOFZ) of stratovolcanoes and monogenetic cones from 41.5° to 47.5° S based on our mapping. ( F , G ) DEMs and mapping from the VMG, showing the 5 km by 4 km caldera, the young partially collapsed cone, the rock avalanche deposits (QRa), Quaternary alluvium (Qal), and the location of the main trace of the LOFZ that cuts this cone and displaces the rock avalanche deposit (likely triggered by a LOFZ earthquake/rupture) northward (i.e. dextrally) by ~ 170 ± 20 m. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Techniques: Generated, Software

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Liquiñe-Ofqui’s fast slipping intra-volcanic arc crustal faulting above the subducted Chile Ridge

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86413-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Huemules Cirque (HC) setting based on ALOS PALSAR 30-m imagery. ( B ) Key features including the LOFZ and the outline of valley margin. ( C ) Retrodeformed model with the valley margin back-slipped along the LOFZ by 400 m which realigns the glacial valley to when it was last fully occupied by ice during the LGM (at least 17.3 ka). ( D ) Map showing locations of key elements and topographic profiles. ( E ) Topographic profiles. Note that the yellow and orange profiles provide a profile of the glacial Humules Valley and are now offset along the LOFZ have an excellent fit. Thus rapid LOFZ dextral motion (i.e. 21.7 to 24.6 mm/year) is causing the Huemules Valley to be almost beheaded from the HC. Field and helicopter photos from this site are shown in Fig. . Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOSPALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Article Snippet: VMG has distinctive La/Yb ( C ) and Dy/Yb ( D ) values, i.e. a completely different signature between VMG magmas and VH magmas. ( E ) Distribution (perpendicular distance (km) and normalised along-strike of the LOFZ) of stratovolcanoes and monogenetic cones from 41.5° to 47.5° S based on our mapping. ( F , G ) DEMs and mapping from the VMG, showing the 5 km by 4 km caldera, the young partially collapsed cone, the rock avalanche deposits (QRa), Quaternary alluvium (Qal), and the location of the main trace of the LOFZ that cuts this cone and displaces the rock avalanche deposit (likely triggered by a LOFZ earthquake/rupture) northward (i.e. dextrally) by ~ 170 ± 20 m. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Techniques: Generated, Software

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Liquiñe-Ofqui’s fast slipping intra-volcanic arc crustal faulting above the subducted Chile Ridge

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86413-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Volcan Mate Grande (VMG: discovered during this study; 45° 35′ 28″ S, 73° 07′ 51″ W) has Hi-K calcalckaline magmas and ( B – D ) distinct geochemical characteristics compared with Volcan Maca and Cay complexes ( 32, 33 ; VMCC: typical SVZ magmas) and Volcan Hudson (VH; atypical SVZ magmas). VMG has distinctive La/Yb ( C ) and Dy/Yb ( D ) values, i.e. a completely different signature between VMG magmas and VH magmas. ( E ) Distribution (perpendicular distance (km) and normalised along-strike of the LOFZ) of stratovolcanoes and monogenetic cones from 41.5° to 47.5° S based on our mapping. ( F , G ) DEMs and mapping from the VMG, showing the 5 km by 4 km caldera, the young partially collapsed cone, the rock avalanche deposits (QRa), Quaternary alluvium (Qal), and the location of the main trace of the LOFZ that cuts this cone and displaces the rock avalanche deposit (likely triggered by a LOFZ earthquake/rupture) northward (i.e. dextrally) by ~ 170 ± 20 m. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Article Snippet: VMG has distinctive La/Yb ( C ) and Dy/Yb ( D ) values, i.e. a completely different signature between VMG magmas and VH magmas. ( E ) Distribution (perpendicular distance (km) and normalised along-strike of the LOFZ) of stratovolcanoes and monogenetic cones from 41.5° to 47.5° S based on our mapping. ( F , G ) DEMs and mapping from the VMG, showing the 5 km by 4 km caldera, the young partially collapsed cone, the rock avalanche deposits (QRa), Quaternary alluvium (Qal), and the location of the main trace of the LOFZ that cuts this cone and displaces the rock avalanche deposit (likely triggered by a LOFZ earthquake/rupture) northward (i.e. dextrally) by ~ 170 ± 20 m. Base hillshade was generated with Esri ArcMap v.10.3 software (under fair terms of use, https://www.esri.com/en-us/legal/copyright-trademarks ) using a digital elevation model downloaded from ALOS PALSAR Global Radar Imagery with 12.5 m resolution ( https://asf.alaska.edu/data-sets/sar-data-sets/alos-palsar/ ).

Techniques: Generated, Software